SFAS 116 117 Executive Summary Paper Example

Essays on SFAS 116 117 Executive Summary Paper Essay Running head: SFAS 116 and SFAS 117 SFAS 116 and 117 Executive Summary - SFAS 116 and SFAS 117 The objective of the current report is to provide an insight into the background of two important accounting standards established by FASB in 1993. These accounting standards have major implication for entities that are registered as nonprofit organizations in the US. The accounting standards reviewed in this report are The Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) Numbers 116 117. The pronouncements related to these accounting standards led to confusion amongst nonprofit organizations as to how these standards would affect their accounting methods. These standards are considered as a major step by FASB to set accounting methods for recognition, recording and presentation of contributions made to nonprofit organizations. This is referred to as fund accounting. Both standards complement each other as SFAS 116 provides requirements for accounting of the contributions received while on the other hand SFAS 117 specifies the structure of the financial statements to be prepared by nonprofit organizations. These standards are of great significance as this was the first time that the regulatory body took the initiative of bringing nonprofit organizations under the regulation umbrella by setting out steps to account for and report contributions received by nonprofit organizations in their financial statements. Upon examining the detailed requirements of both SFAS 116 and SFAS 117 it is clear that both standards serve different purpose yet aimed at bringing improvements in the working of nonprofit organizations and their financial reporting. Specifically, SFAS 116 provides guidelines on understanding the basis of donations made by donors to highlight the terms and conditions lay out by donors and accepted by the receivers. On the other hand, SFAS117 provides extensive guidelines under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) for nonprofit organizational to prepare of financial information regarding contributions and present it in their financial statements. Under this standard three financial statements including Statement of Cash Flows, Statement of Financial Position and Statement of Activities are required by all such organizations. In addition to these businesses may produce other types of reports but they are not considered mandatory by these standards (Davies, 2005). The common objective of both standards could therefore be suggested to increase the dependability of individuals upon the financial statements prepared by nonprofit organizations. Individuals who may wish to make donations to these nonprofit organizations need to have confidence in them for their contributions. The detailed financial statements can help donors to have clearer view of the working performance of nonprofit organizations registered in the US (Locklear, 1997). The standards are viewed to create confusion and disparity in financial reporting of contributions received by nonprofit organizations. Till now organizations are working on developing a good understanding of the requirements set out in these standards however there is still lot of work to be done to ensure the fulfillment of requirements by such organizations (Locklear, 1997). References Davies, C. (2005). The Impact of SFAS 116 117 on Nonprofit Organizations. Seattle, WA: Jacobson Jarvis Co. Locklear, A. (1997, March 1). Whats the difference between commercial fund accounting systems? Retrieved February 20, 2010, from AllBusiness.com: http://www.allbusiness.com/personal-finance/individual-taxes-tax-deductions/614958-1.html

Discussion topic Free Essays

I really appreciate the way you listed the steps in selecting random samples. I did not come across any steps or rules to obtain a simple random sample. The lottery Is a form of simple sampling. We will write a custom essay sample on Discussion topic or any similar topic only for you Order Now It does not use any method to select numbers other than the population number set. Consecutive numbers can be drawn or number far apart from each other. I would like to know more about the difference between the type of random sampling used in lottery draws versus the sampling method steps you scribed. The only type of selection process in the text book definition states simple random sampling uses selection of elements from the selection frame (Burns, 2011). References Burns, N.. Grove, S. K. , Gray. J. (2011). Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice. Maryland Heights, MO: Elsevier/Saunders. Your post brings up the very important fact that the sample size need to be large enough to represent the target population (Ramsey, 2011). Target population size eyeing too small is a common problem with random sampling as you have described with Autism ratios. If there were more states Involved with the CDC Autism survey, the results may differ. The question or research being done may not need a large population as well. Random sampling need to have a large enough size, must represent the target population and must truly be random (Ramsey, 2011 Ramsey, D. J. (2011). Statistics for dummies. Hoboken, N. J: Wiley. Cluster sampling Is a productive way to obtain random sampling of a very large population. National restaurant chains test new menu items In this way. When I lived in Ohio, it was a big test market area. Supposedly the population of Ohio was thought to be representative of Midwestern people. Area restaurants such as McDonald’s, Taco Bell, and Domino’s introduced new menu items in this area to survey their popularity. I do not know what type of demographic data was used to determine that Ohio residents were representative of the Midwestern population. It was nice to get to try the new menu Items before the rest of the country. The first McDonald’s salads and Domino’s try at breakfast pizzas were yummy. The Taco Bell French fries didn’t make it. This was a good example of being part of a large cluster sampling process without ever knowing it. I think you covered all the different types of sampling very thoroughly. I am not sure the term census Is a type of random sampling. Census Is usually a method of attempting to collect date from an entire population (Ramsey, 2011). How to cite Discussion topic, Papers

Memorandum Team Project free essay sample

Memorandum To:Stephen King From:Jason Statham and Angelina Jolie Date:4/11/2009 Re:Team F Midterm Project Analytical Report Enclosed is the informal report about the culture in China for the Sales Team with Kelly Services, which you requested on April 11, 2009. You will find a great deal information pertaining to the Chinese culture and their etiquette practices. China has a rich culture infused with rituals that it will be necessary for company to learn from a business aspect. Team F originally consisted of 5 members, Jason Statham, Angelina Jolie, Jessica Biel, Jessica Alba and Nicholas Cage. As we started developing the roles of our team members in week 4, we came to the realization that the only team members that were going to participate were Jason Statham and Angelina Jolie. We decided instead of assigning roles, that we would equally contribute to the project and turn it in together. We have worked very hard this week pulling the weight of our absent team mates. We will write a custom essay sample on Memorandum Team Project or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Despite some original disagreements between me and Angelina Jolie, we pulled it together and worked very well as one unit. We set deadlines that were advanced of the original timeline, in order to make sure that there would be plenty of time to finish the project. We have successfully completed the team assignment for week 4 ahead of schedule and we feel confident in the work that we had done. During research on how business is conducted in China, it was revealed that relationship among various parties play a key role. Business in China runs on a basis known as ‘Guanxi’. â€Å"Guanxi† means relationships. . Any type of relationship, or source, with another company is considered good business practice and builds trust between other companies (Vincent Lo, Chinese Business Culture). Knowing this fact makes it imperative to build a good and healthy relationship with our clients, as it strengthens trust and allows for a stronger network among companies and clients. To gain grounds in a new location, delivery in stages is key to our success. Guanxi should be the first and foremost item we should focus our attention on. Thank you for giving us the opportunity to work together this week. Jason Statham and Angelina Jolie English 123, Team F CONFIDENTIAL

The Life of Madame de Pompadour, Royal Mistress and Advisor

The Life of Madame de Pompadour, Royal Mistress and Advisor Madame de Pompadour (December 29, 1721–April 15, 1764) was a French noblewoman and one of Louis XV’s primary mistresses. Even after her time as the king’s mistress came to an end, the Madame de Pompadour remained an influential friend and advisor to the king, especially as a patron of arts and philosophy. Fast Facts: Madame de Pompadour Known For: Beloved mistress of King Louis XV who became an unofficial advisor to the king and an influential leader of the artsFull Name: Jeanne Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de PompadourAlso Known As: ReinetteBorn: December 29, 1721 in Paris, FranceDied: April 15, 1764 in Paris, FranceSpouse: Charles Guillaume Le Normant dÉtiolles (m. 1741; separated 1745)Children: Charles Guillaume Louis (1741-1742), Alexandrine Jeanne (1744-1754) Early Life: The Reinette Jeanne Antoinette was the daughter of Francois Poisson and his wife Madeline de la Motte. Although Poisson was her legal father and the husband of her mother, it is more likely that Jeanne’s biological father was Charles Franà §ois Paul Le Normant de Tournehem, a wealthy tax collector. When Jeanne Antoinette was four, Francois Poisson had to leave the country due to unpaid debts, and Tournehem became her legal guardian, thus giving even more credence to the rumors that he was her real father. Like many girls from families of means, Jeanne Antoinette was sent to be educated at a convent when she reached the age of five. The education was excellent, and she proved to be a popular student. However, she became ill and returned home four years later. Her mother took her to a fortuneteller, who predicted that Jeanne Antoinette would win the heart of a king. From that point on, those closest to her began calling her â€Å"Reinette† (a diminutive, or nickname, meaning â€Å"little queen†). She was educated at home by the best tutors. Tournehem arranged for her instruction in all the subjects deemed necessary for a woman’s education, in order that she might one day attract the interest of the king. Wife and Socialite In 1740, Jeanne Antoinette married Charles Guillaume Le Normant dÉtiolles, the nephew of her guardian Tournehem. Upon their marriage, Tournehem made Charles his sole heir and gave Jeanne Antoinette an estate (one situated near the royal hunting grounds) as a wedding gift. The young couple were only four years apart in age, and they did fall in love with each other. Jeanne Antoinette promised she would never be unfaithful- except for the king. They had two children: a son who died as an infant, and a daughter, Alexandrine, who died at the age of nine in 1753. As a stylish young married woman, Jeanne Antoinette spent time at many of the elite salons in Paris. She encountered many of the figures of the Enlightenment and, in time, began hosting her own salons at her Étiolles estate, which also attracted many leading figures of the day. Educated and curious, she became a notable and witty conversationalist in the company of these people. By 1744, Jeanne Antoinettes name was being mentioned at court, attracting the attention of Louis XV. Her estate was adjacent to the king’s hunting grounds in the forest of Sà ©nart, so she was permitted to watch the royal party from a distance. To get the king’s attention, however, she rode directly in front of his group- not once, but twice. The king took notice and sent her a gift of venison from the hunt. The king’s official mistress died in December 1744, leaving the position vacant, and Jeanne Antoinette was invited to Versailles to the masked ball celebrating the engagement of the Dauphin. At the ball, Louis publicly unmasked and declared his affection for Jeanne Antoinette. Becoming the Royal Mistress In order to be properly introduced at court, Jeanne Antoinette had to have a title. The king solved this by purchasing the marquisate of Pompadour and giving it to her, making her the Marquise de Pompadour. She became the king’s official mistress, living at Versailles in apartments near his, and was formally presented to the court in September 1745. Notably, she got along quite well with the queen consort, Marie LeszczyÅ„ska, and worked to have a good relationship with the royal family overall. Madame de Pompadour was more than just a mistress. Louis XV respected her intelligence and understanding of social nuance, and as a result, she functioned as an unofficial prime minister and advisor. She supported the First Treaty of Versailles, which created an alliance between former rivals France and Austria, and rallied support behind government ministers whose fiscal reforms helped France become one of the world’s wealthiest countries. Madame de Pompadours influence was not limited to the political sphere. Building on her years in the Paris salons, she championed scientific, economic, and philosophical exploration as well. Her patronage protected the growing theory of physiocracy (an economic theory that emphasized the value of agriculture) and defended the Encyclopà ©die, a fundamental text of the Enlightenment that was opposed by religious figures. Her activities and her common birth earned her enemies and made her the subject of malicious gossip, but her relationship with Louis and the royal family remained mostly unaffected. The King’s Friend and Advisor By 1750, Pompadour ceased being Louis’s mistress, in large part due to her many health problems, including recurring bronchitis, three miscarriages, and chronic headaches. Nevertheless, she maintained her influential position, since their relationship had become much more than just a sexual one. The king did not take a new official â€Å"favorite,† but instead installed a succession of temporary mistresses at a chateau away from court. According to most reports, his heart and loyalty remained with Pompadour. During this era, Pompadour turned her patronage to the arts, which she used to announce her loyalty to the king (through commissions honoring him) and to cultivate her own image. In 1759, she purchased a porcelain factory, which created many jobs and ultimately become one of the most famous porcelain makers in all of Europe. Pompadour herself learned to engrave under the tutelage of Jacques Guay and Francois Boucher, and she was a significant influence in the development of Rococo style. It is likely that she contributed a fair amount to the work of the artists under her patronage. In fact, some historians consider her an actual collaborator on many works. Death and Legacy Madame de Pompadours poor health eventually caught up to her. In 1764, she suffered from tuberculosis, and Louis himself cared for her during her illness. She died on April 15, 1764 at the age of 42, and was buried at the Couvent des Capucines in Paris. Because of her influence on French society and her unusual advisory role to the king, the Madame de Pompadours legacy has endured in pop culture, from the publication of biographies to an episode of Doctor Who to the naming of a particular diamond cut. Sources Algrant, Christine Pevitt.  Madame de Pompadour Mistree of France. New York: Grove Press, 2002.Eschner, Kat. â€Å"Madame de Pompadour Was Far More Than a ‘Mistress’.† Smithsonian, 29 December 2017, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/madame-de-pompadour-was-far-more-mistress-180967662/.Foreman, Amanda, and Nancy Mitford. Madame de Pompadour. New York Review of Books, 2001.Mitford, Nancy. â€Å"Jeanne-Antoinette Poission, marquise de Pompadour.† Encyclopaedia Brittanica, 25 Dec. 2018, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jeanne-Antoinette-Poisson-marquise-de-Pompadour.

How to Make a Rainbow Rose (and How It Works)

How to Make a Rainbow Rose (and How It Works) Have you seen a rainbow rose? Its a real rose, grown to produce petals in rainbow colors. The colors are so vivid, you may think pictures of the roses are digitally enhanced, but the flowers really are that bright! So, you may be wondering how the colors are made and whether the rose bushes that produce these flowers always bloom in vibrant colors. Heres how it works and how you can make a rainbow rose yourself. How Real Rainbow Roses Work The rainbow rose was developed by  Peter van de Werken, the owner of a Dutch flower company. While special roses are used, the plants are not bred to produce the rich colors. Actually, the rose bush would ordinarily produce white roses, but the stems of the flowers are injected over time with dyes so that petals form in bright single colors. If the flower isnt treated as it is growing, the blooms are white, not ​rainbow. While the rainbow is a special version of the technique, other color patterns are also possible. Its not a science trick you can achieve quite so well with your home rose bush, at least not without a lot of experimentation and expense, because most pigment molecules are either too large to migrate into the petals or else too toxic for the rose to flower. Special proprietary organic dyes said to be made from plant extracts are used to color the roses. Making Rainbow Roses at Home While you cant duplicate the exact effect, you can get a lighter version of a rainbow using a white rose and food coloring.  The rainbow effect is much easier to achieve with white or light-colored flowers that arent as woody as a rose. Good examples to try at home include carnations and daisies. If it has to be a rose, you can do the same project, but expect it to take longer. Start with a white rose. Its best if it is a rosebud because the effect relies on capillary action, transpiration, and diffusion in the flower, which takes some time.Trim the stem of the rose so that it is not extremely long. It takes more time for color to travel up a longer stem.Carefully split the base of the stem into three sections. Make the cuts lengthwise up the stem 1-3 inches. Why three sections? The cut stem is fragile and likely to break if you cut it into more parts. You can use color science to achieve the full rainbow using three colors - red, blue, yellow or yellow, cyan, magenta - depending what dyes you have available.Carefully bend the cut sections slightly away from each other. Now, one way to apply the dyes would be to bend the stems into three contains (e.g., shot glasses), each containing a single color of dye and a bit of water, but this is hard to accomplish without breaking the stems. An easier method is to use 3 small plastic baggies, 3 rubber bands, and o ne tall glass to hold the flower upright. Into each bag, add a small amount of water and several (10-20) drops of one color of dye. Ease a section of the stem into the bag so that it is immersed in the dyed water, and secure the bag around the stem with a rubber band. Repeat the process with the other two bags and colors. Stand the flower in a glass. Check to make sure each stem section is immersed in the liquid since the flower needs water to live.You may start to see color in the petals as quickly as half an hour, but expect to let the rose soak up dye overnight or possibly for a couple of days. The petals will be the three colors, plus the mixed colors, for petals receiving water from two parts of the stem at once. This way, youll get the whole rainbow.Once the flower is colored, you can trim off the cut section of stem and keep it in fresh water or a homemade flower food solution. Helpful Tips Flowers take up warm water more quickly than cold water.Keep the rose away from light and heat, since these can cause it to wilt and die too quickly.If you want to try injecting flowers with natural colors, learn about natural pigments you can use.

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 15

Philosophy - Essay Example However, most of these literary writings have vanished, as only some tattered bits are available now. Plato wrote around twenty-three philosophical dialogues, which Socrates had with his followers. Plato’s republic is the most important of such writings, as the same is being investigated philosophically, even in the current materialistic technological age. Plato’s Republic is recorded in Book, numbered 1 to10. This paper will discuss mainly the topic from book one. As per the Plato’s Republic, book one, while discussing on various issues, Socrates poses the question regarding the definition of happiness and justice, to his followers and critics. Socrates is not able to answer this question directly, even when he rejects the others’ views on â€Å"what is justice†.. However, Plato has given a rich and detailed theory of justice as detailed by Socrates, in the books of Republic.(337b) Plato’s Republic details the Socrates views on the issue, which is for the critics also to review. Although, the early dialogues reveals the position of Socrates viewing this on moralistic values, the later dialogues involve theories related to metaphysics, religion and psychology etc..These dialogues recorded in detail in books from 2 to 10 As per Plato’s Republic, its book 1 details about the returning of Socrates and his friend Glaucon, from a religious festival, when they meet young Polemarchus. On the insistence of this young noble, Socrates visits the home of Polemarchus, where the visitors also meet his aging father Cephalous Socrates starts conversation with the old man on the growing age. However, soon the topic of discussion turns to justice. Cephalous is a respected elder man of the region who is rich as well. During such conversation, Cephalous is of the view that justice means meeting one’s obligations and being honest towards others.(330) However, as per the Plato’s version in Republic book 1 and 2, Socrates is not able to agree

History Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History Analysis - Essay Example Imperialism is also always associated with the autocratic rule of the empires (Johnston, â€Å"The Dictionary of Human Geography†). The term ‘empire’ basically denotes those nations, which have or had many of the countries or territories under its control. Few of the leading imperialist nations include Great Britain, United States of America, Russia and France. It is commonly perceived by the experts of the discipline that imperialism has greatly affected the development and the normal standard of living in the subordinate countries for ages. Even after the dominating countries moved back from the conquered nations, the after affects of imperialism continued in lieu of the plights of the citizens of those nations. Among the global imperial powers, Britain deserves special mention. It is often a food for thought for the research scholars that how could such a small nation of Europe successfully rule almost all of the world for years. The history of British Empire builds up as it establishes relationship with Ireland, the America, the Caribbean Islands and India. Great Britain also had deep past of rivalry with the other imperial nations like that of the Netherlands, Portugal, France and Spain. The ‘credit’ of setting up of slave trade also goes to the British Empire of West Indies (the Caribbean) and Africa. Apart from slavery, which is considered as the height of all oppressions, the ill effects of imperialism can also be understood through in-depth study of British Raj in India. One of the fast emerging economies and most promising democracies of the present world, India had been under British rule from 1757 till 1947. Great Britain built relationship with India through trade and formed British East India Company. Soon from the company, the powers were transferred to the government of UK. A country with huge stock of natural resources, India was virtually robbed of its resources. The scholars of the arena remarked